Cosmocles

Cosmocles (244–191 BCE), born Sparabaraios, was an Old Lygene philosopher whose teachings and biography form the basis of the Artic religion of Anamnism. His work explored and discussed the nature and concept of Arta, particularly in the form of moral philosophy and by examining Arta primarily as a Supreme Good. He promoted the use of critical inquiry and dialectics in revealing Arta, and believed that through this every individual could eventually arrive at the correct idea of it. An itinerant teacher, Cosmocles travelled throughout the known world of the Lygenes, building up a large group of followers, and even befriending many rulers. In 191 BCE, he attempted to take over the city of Arassos to establish an ideal society, which failed and resulted in his death at the hands of the city's soldiers. His students continued to repeat his ideas eventually founding Anamnism.

The life of Cosmocles is considerably well-documented with numerous contemporary accounts known to scholars. However, the most influential of these has been that written by his student Doxomenos, which formed the basis of Anamnic teachings in the 150s BCE under Eucleides, who also formally introduced the interpretation of his life alongside his literal words to gain a full idea of his philosophy. Cosmocles has an immense presence in the culture of the Anamnic world.